linux 下隐藏文件是以句号 “.” 开头的文件，根据文件名即可判断是否为隐藏文件。
win 下是以文件隐藏属性确定的，所以，只能通过微软的 API 获取隐藏属性来判断是否为隐藏文件。
1. windows attrib 命令获取文件隐藏属性
Syntax ATTRIB [ + attribute | - attribute ] [pathname] [/S [/D]]Key + : Turn an attribute ON - : Clear an attribute OFF pathname : Drive and/or filename e.g. C:\*.txt /S : Search the pathname including all subfolders. /D : Process folders as well attributes: R Read-only (1) H Hidden (2) A Archive (32) S System (4) extended attributes: E Encrypted C Compressed (128:read-only) I Not content-indexed L Symbolic link/Junction (64:read-only) N Normal (0: cannot be used for file selection) O Offline P Sparse file T Temporary
2. 隐藏属性值及其含义
Constants - the following attribute values are returned by the function:
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY = 1 (0x1)
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN = 2 (0x2)FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM = 4 (0x4)FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY = 16 (0x10)FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE = 32 (0x20)FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL = 128 (0x80)FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TEMPORARY = 256 (0x100)FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SPARSE_FILE = 512 (0x200)FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT = 1024 (0x400)FILE_ATTRIBUTE_COMPRESSED = 2048 (0x800)FILE_ATTRIBUTE_OFFLINE = 4096 (0x1000)FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NOT_CONTENT_INDEXED = 8192 (0x2000)FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ENCRYPTED = 16384 (0x4000)For example, a file attribute of 0x120 indicates the Temporary + Archive attributes are set (0x100 + 0x20 = 0x120.)
3. python 通过 win32api 获取文件隐藏属性
python 官网对 win32API 的简单说明
下载地址
import win32file·filenames = [r'D:\test', r'D:\test\$RECYCLE.BIN', r'D:\test\.file_test.py.swp', r'D:\test\file_test.py']for filename in filenames: print '%4d, %s' %(win32file.GetFileAttributesW(filename), filename)
运行结果：
4. 与运算（&）更直观判断隐藏文件
示例代码如下，& 运算的结果与隐藏属性值相对应，可以更直观的判断文件类型。
import win32fileimport win32confilenames = [r'D:\test', r'D:\test\$RECYCLE.BIN', r'D:\test\.file_test.py.swp', r'D:\test\file_test.py']for filename in filenames: file_flag = win32file.GetFileAttributesW(filename) is_hiden = file_flag & win32con.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN is_system = file_flag & win32con.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM print '%4d, %s, %s, %s' %(file_flag, is_hiden, is_system, filename)
